Aves Periparus ater, commonly known as the European Coal Tit or simply Coal Tit, is a small passerine bird from the family Paridae. In the Comunidad Valenciana, it is often referred to as the Herrerillo Capuchino.

Appearance:

• The Coal Tit is one of the smallest members of the tit family, measuring approximately 10 to 11 centimeters in length with a wingspan of 17 to 21 centimeters.
• It is distinguishable by its black head and bib, white cheeks, and a characteristic white stripe across the nape of the neck.
• Its back is a dull bluish-grey, while its underparts are a pale yellowish-buff, making it quite discreet in its natural habitat.

Habitat:

• This bird is commonly found in coniferous and mixed forests, and it is particularly abundant in areas with pine, fir, or spruce trees.
• In the Comunidad Valenciana, the Coal Tit can be observed in mountainous regions with dense forest cover.

Behavior and Diet:

• The Coal Tit is known for its acrobatic foraging habits, often seen hanging upside down as it searches for food.
• Its diet consists mainly of insects and spiders, but it also feeds on seeds, particularly during the winter months.
• In gardens, it may visit feeders to take peanuts and sunflower seeds.

Vocalizations:

• The Coal Tit has a distinctive call that is a high-pitched "ti-ti-ti," and it is also capable of a variety of other calls and songs.
• Its song is a rapid trill that is often repeated and is essential for territory establishment and mating.

This species is a resilient and adaptable bird, making it a cherished sight for birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts in the Comunidad Valenciana and across Europe.